Should Standardized Test Be Abolished from the School...

Should Standardized Tests be Abolished from the School Educational System in America? The standardized test issues have always been one of the most important issues in the educational system of a country. Standardized test is a test for which norms on a reference group, ordinarily drawn from many schools or communities, are provided (Van Kollenburg, Susan E., 2002). In simpler terms, standardized tests are designed to give a common measure of students’ performance. A very large amount of students graduate every year from schools all over the world. Thus, standardized tests give educators a common model for assessing these students. Standardized tests are also known as high stakes tests. Although the names, formats and manners in which†¦show more content†¦The use of standardized tests by schools is commonly criticized by parents, school teachers and school officials because the tests do not necessarily confirm what students have learned, nor do they reveal what students have achieved (Sampson, 2006: p84). The pressure put on standardized tests to show the effectiveness of students’ performance, not only changes how teachers teach and what students study, but also our understanding of the nature of learning and achievement. Because of this undue pressure, it is not surprising that students tend to push out areas of study that will not be tested. Teachers are not at fault for the behaviour of their students. Teachers complain that students glaze over when they find out that presented information will not be tested (Jones, 1996). As a result, teachers often will teach to the test. Standardized tests have changed the very perspective of a school education. Are students going to school to gain knowledge or simply to learn how to sit for their SATs? Teachers or educators, whatever you call them, they are the most important person in a student’s life. Standardized tests have not only effects on students but also on teachers. Standardized tests rob teachers of their sense of judgement about how to help children develop to t heir optimal potential. These tests provide a much narrowed curriculum leavingShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Correlation Between Homework and Academic Success 1524 Words   |  7 PagesAmple research has been done on the correlation between homework and academic success with many opposing views. Research has shown that homework can be linked to better grades, improved standardized test scores, and more prepared students entering the post-secondary arena; however, this correlation is weak and the opposition has equal ammunition to support that there is no correlation between homework and academic success. There have been movements to abolish homework as well as movements to increaseRead MoreThe Effects Of Standardized Tests On Students Academic Performance1469 Words   |  6 PagesStandardized tests have become the pragmatic form of gauging a child’s intellect, and also have become the major factor in universities accepting applicants. Behind the results of each test lies t he ability to mould a child’s future, with test for every occasion whether it is for medical school, an International Baccalaureate entrance exam, college or university admission, there is no escaping such discriminatory tests. These tests are designed to predict a student’s intellect, as well as evaluateRead MoreAffirmative Action And Its Impact On Education3441 Words   |  14 Pages Since its creation in 1965 affirmative action has been heralded by supporters as a landmark achievement and a means to erase the legacy of discrimination and raise the educational outcomes and benefits of America’s protected classes.1 Despite the support it has received, there are large numbers of people who have expressed their opposition to affirmative action in education, claiming that it is a form of discrimination, and questioning its effectiveness. As the debate rages, researchers have exhaustivelyRead MoreAffirmative Action : A Right And A Theory2415 Words   |  10 PagesAffirmative action has faced much scrutiny in its 53 year history. There has been plenty of praise, and even disapproval from some for this term created by President John F. Kennedy when he enacted Executive Order 10925. He created it in order to address discrimination that had remained prevalent despite the recent civil rights movements, and the promises, made in the constitution. It was not fully i n order until President Lyndon B. Johnson brought it into maturity by signing the Civil Rights ActRead MoreEducation in South Africa12740 Words   |  51 Pagesaround 48,000 schools – including 390 special needs schools and 1,000 registered private schools. Of all the schools, are high schools (Grade 8 to 12) and the rest are primary schools (Grade 1 to 7). School life spans 13 years - or grades - although the first year of education, grade 0 or reception year, and the last three years, grade 10, 11 and grade 12 or matric are not compulsory. Many Primary schools offer grade 0, although this pre-school year may also be completed at Nursery school. RecentlyRead MoreStudy Guide9234 Words   |  37 Pagesthis claim? How does sociology differ from simple commonsense reasoning? Sample answer: Sociologists may appear to study conditions that are obvious, but by making the familiar strange, they are able to move beyond commonsense reasoning and use evidence to really understand a topic. For example, students will say that they plan to marry for love, but society narrows the field; they are more likely to marry individuals of the same race, ethnicity, age, educational attainment, and social class. MakingRead MoreCorrectional Administration Reviewer18383 Words   |  74 Pagesa. Peno was derived from Greek word â€Å"piono† and from the Latin word â€Å"poena†, both terms mean punishment. b. Logy was from the Latin word â€Å"logos†, meaning science. c. Penology distinguish from Penitentiary Science- Penology deals with the various means of fighting crimes as regards to penalties and other measures of security, while Penitentiary Science is limited only to the study of penalties dealing with deprivation of liberty. ï  ½ The Golden Age of Penology - the period from 1870 to 1880 was consideredRead MoreAn Impact Assessment of Science and Technology Policy on National Development of Nigeria61708 Words   |  247 PagesDEDICATION This research work is dedicated to my wife Hajiya Fatima Abdullahi and my children Mohammed Bashar, Zainab, Jamila, Aisha, Isa, Fatima and Abdullahi for their patience and understanding, especially when the demands of office kept me away from home. They have been quite wonderful and a source of inspiration to me in realizing my vision of acquiring a Ph. D. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Let me start by thanking the Almighty God for blessing me with good health, wisdom and foresight to undertakeRead MoreCountry Note Book of China17054 Words   |  69 Pagesthan any other group on Earth. The Chinese writing system, for example, dates back almost 4,000 years. The imperial dynastic system of government, which continued for centuries, was established as early as 221 BC. Although specific dynasties were overturned, the dynastic system survived. China was even ruled at times by foreign invaders, such as the Mongols during the Yuan Dynasty, from AD 1279 to 1368, and the Manchus during the Ching Dynasty, from AD 1644 to 1911, but the foreigners were largelyRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pageson acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photoc opying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission

E Commerce Retailing And Services Essay - 856 Words

E-commerce Retailing and Services 1. Describe three techniques retail merchants use to integrate their online and offline sales channel beyond having an online store. The offline retailers diversify their marketing strategy to succeed on the web. Consumers use computers, tablets, and mobile devices to find the lowest-cost products and to complete a retail transaction. Thus, the retailers have developed a marketing strategy to integrate the online and offline experiences. The three techniques that the retail merchants use to integrate their online and offline include the interactive kiosks; online order of in-store pick-up or home delivery; online order with in-store returns. The self-service retail kiosks use a numerous of methods that include the interactive products’ location in the store, the mobile-friendly payment methods, and the remote location. First, the kiosk has a large screen that allows the users to interact directly with the store website and to locate the products in the store. Second, the kiosk allows the user to scan their products and to make payment via the mobile devices. Finally, the system gives customers the opportunity to reserve the transaction through the website and complete through the in-store kiosk. Consumers order the product through the website and pick it in the store. Moreover, they can buy the product through the web and receive it via home delivery. In the same convenience, customers order the product through the website and return it toShow MoreRelatedCan We Consider Walmart A Fair Competitor?s Online Success?1609 Words   |  7 PagesNot only has Amazon seized the world with its e-commerce strategy, but it is also willing to forego profits to gain market share, making it difficult for Walmart to find a space in the online retailing spotlight. Not being hamstrung by an enormous brick-and-mortar business like Walmart, Amazon is able to do e-commerce for many other businesses, Target for instance. As a result, Amazon has set up a culture, not only by its enormous influence on retailing on a global scope, but also by the loyalty programRead MoreE-marketplace, E-mall, E-tailing Essay1125 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: There are various electronic commerce activities and mechanisms. E-Commerce Activities and Mechanisms include the following but not limited to: E-Market Place: It is an online market usually B2B where buyers and sellers exchange goods or services. EC transactions take place in the electronic equivalent of a mall called the electronic marketplace (e-marketplace). Electronic marketplaces utilize different tools (electronic shopping cart, e-catalog, fulfillment technologies, and checkoutRead MoreSnookis Beach Boutique: E-Commerce Strategies1677 Words   |  7 PagesSnookis Duds Beach Boutique e-Commerce Strategies Creating a highly differentiated and unique identity in the crowded clothing retailing markets on the Jersey Shore boardwalk takes a combination of one-of-a-kind designs, a strong multichannel selling strategy that includes social media and the Web, and a positive in-store customer experience. Retailing is as much about creating a unique in-store experience as it is about creating a differentiated and defensible market identity online (PiturroRead MoreForms and Classification of Online Business1729 Words   |  7 Pagesbusiness According to (Adam, Z.R.), the major different types of e-commerce (B2B) Business-to Business, (B2C) Business-to-Consumer, (B2G) Business-to-Government, (C2C) Consumer-to-Consumer and M-commerce which is mobile commerce. Business-to-business is simply e-commerce that is present between two businesses. It is said that it is the fastest growing type of e-commerce, much faster than B2C. It is a type of e-commerce wherein two businesses transact with each other online. About 80% of onlineRead MoreIntegrating A Multi Billion Dollar Industry1531 Words   |  7 Pagesfastest growing area in retailing? Do you want to be apart of a multi-billion dollar industry? Well, if anyone answered yes to both of the questions they can now joined the sweepstakes of taking their business to the next level by introducing Web based retailing or other nontraditional methods of retailing. Web, non-store based any other forms of nontraditional retailing is adding to businesses repertoire everyday. Any individual or company who sells products or give services can adapt and enter theRead MoreAdvantages of Amazon.com being the first mover in E-commerce.1276 Words   |  6 PagesE-commerce (electronic-commerce) refers to busine ss over the Internet. With the growth of commerce on the Internet and the Web, e-commerce often refers to purchases from online stores on the Web, otherwise knows as e-commerce Web sites. The e-commerce marketplace is intensely and savagely competitive. Mellahi and Johnson (2000) noted that major sustainable competitive advantages are almost non-existent. That means that firms market advantage such as economies of scale are no longer enough to makeRead MoreE-Tailing1230 Words   |  5 PagesThe e–tailing business sector is described as â€Å"the selling of retail goods electronically over the internet† (DMS Retail, 2011, p.2). Information technology in the e-tail business sector is developing with † the emergence of standardized Web 2.0 technology and open source software packages, shopping cart and e-tail e-commerce tools have become cheaper, more powerful, standardized and chock-full of all kinds of interactive, multichannel and multimedia features† (E- Commerce Times, 2007, p.1). MajorRead MoreThe Impact Of Privacy On Online Purchase Decisions Essay723 Words   |  3 PagesDecision Sciences Institute (pp.1054-1057), Athens, Greece. Giffin, K. (1967). The contribution of studies of source credibility to a theory of interpersonal trust in the communication process. Psychological Bulletin, 68(2): 104-120. Iraqi, F. (2006). E-commerce. Le dirham passe sur la Toile. Bank Al-Maghrib Jaques, R. (2004). UK tops European online shopping league. Computing Vnunet.com, Business News, Available from: www.computing.co.uk/news/1159326 [Accessed 11 November 2008]. Janiszewski, C. (1998)Read MoreAmazons Competitive Analysis1296 Words   |  6 Pagesin the same marketplace. Competitors can compete directly or indirectly. Competition happens on two levels: Product or service competition. Due to the shift of focus for Amazon, it has become the Earths biggest anything store. Its competitors have expanded from just online book retailers Barnes and Nobles and Borders to top audio retailers CDNOW.com and online auction house e-bay.com. Amazon has an overall lead of 40% market share against the other online retail firms. Their international businessRead More e-bay Essay837 Words   |  4 Pages E-commerce and Security Abstract This project will look at e-Commerce, concentrating on security measures of an online auction site, eBay. Security on the Internet is a concern for any online business in todays society. We will discuss online services, how businesses on the Internet conduct their transactions and shipping. With eBay we will be looking at their operation procedures while concentrating on Firewalls, Transparent Cryptographic File and Public Key Infrastructure as possible solutions

Programmable Logic Controller Programming

Question: Describe about the Programmable Logic Controller for Programming? Answer: Programmable Logic Controller- A programmable logic controller is used to control machines and processes. To store specific functions and instructions, a programmable memory is used by it so it can be called as a specialized computer or digital computer also. Instructions and specific functions include timing, ON/OFF control, sequencing, counting, arithmetic and data handling. It is used for automation of typically industrial electromechanical processes. It is used in many industries and machines. Extended temperature ranges, digital and analog inputs and outputs can be arranged easily by programmable logic controller. Battery- backed- up store the programs which are used to control the machine operations. Battery-backed-up is also known as non-volatile memory. PLCs have the facility for extensive input / output arrangements. PLCs are connected to sensors and actuators by inputs and outputs. Positions of complex positioning systems, analog process variables and limit switches are read by programmable logic control ler. Process variables include temperature and pressure. Pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders, electric motors, solenoids, magnetic relays and analog outputs are operated by programmable logic controller. Set up of programmable logic controller- For placing and interconnecting the components, system layout is the perfect approach. It is the approach for not only to satisfy the application, but also to ensure the trouble free operation of the controller in its environment. System layout consists the other components that form the total system. Safety control relays, auxiliary power supply, incoming line noise suppressors and isolation transformers are included in these components. These components are easy to access and maintain, in a carefully constructed layout. System productivity can be increased by careful installation planning. The programmable logic controller should be located near the machine because temperature, electrical noise and humidity can be controlled easily by it. When designing the system layout, the effect of humidity, temperature, vibration and electrical noise are important. Actual placement of the controller is decided by these factors. The placement of the programmable logic controller depends on the number of components, modularity and physical design of each component of the system. Mounting and spacing requirements are different for each controller. Local power disconnects isolation and constant voltage transformers and surge suppressors should be located near the top of the devices and beside the power supply. These devices are known as incoming line devices. Communication media to be used- PLC Cables- There are various companies which manufacture PLC cables. Some of these are- Siemens, Allen Bradely, Mitsubishi, Panasonic, Omron, Fuji, GE Fanuc, Delta, Hitachi, Schneider. Siemens PLC cables- Express card CP5512 is suitable for laptop express card slot. PROFIBUS/ MPI/ PPI/ FWL communication is achieved between PC and SIMATIC net by it. Communication speed is 9.6 Kbps 12 Mbps. After the conversion card, it can be used for desktop computer also. Cables fully support the USB to PROFIBUS/ MPI/ PPI communication. Special protocol processing chip is used by it. It contains more powerful functions and it is 100 % compatible with Siemens original PC adapter USB. Largest speed is 1.5 Mbps. It supports the long distance communication. PLC Cables Adapter- Adapter should be compatible with Siemens HMI adapter and PC adapter. RS232 port of HMI and PC is fully supported to Profit bus/ MPI communication by this adapter. Siemens special protocol processing chip is used by it. This adapter can be used for Siemens S7- 300/400 series PLC and other equipments with MPI interface/ profit bus. Optical isolated power supplies are RS232 - RS485. It is suitable for the strong communication interface. To establish the communication between Siemens S7 - 200 PLC and Ethernet, Siemens S7 200 PLC Ethernet adapter is used. It is used to set up the communication between Siemens S7 200 PLC and internet or 3G wireless network by the programing interface of S7 200 PLC. RS 485 interface is used as programing interface. There is no need to revise the software, communication protocol and support dynamic DNS. User can remote control the PLC by internet. In order to suit harsh environment in the industrial scene, the RS 485 interface, RJ 45 port and power suppl y ports are isolated. To establish the communication between S7 300 / 400 PLC and Ethernet, Siemens S7 300 / 400 PLC Ethernet adapter is used. Applications of the cables and connectors- Higher data rates are transmitted by coaxial cables. Coaxial cable does not require the shielding of steel conduit. There is an advantage of small size, resistance to noise and flexibility in fiber optic cables. Mostly, the PLC communications is done by twisted pair cables and RS 232C. RS 232 port can communicate with printers, host computers, terminals and other devices. The maximum transmission speed achieved by it is 19.2 Kbps. For longer transmission distances, RS 422 is used. There are two wires in each of its primary signals. With respect to signal ground, these wires are always at opposite logic levels. So, the longer transmission distance can be achieved by the interface (4000 feet) and higher data transmission rates (up to 90 Kbps). Data transfer can reach 10 Mbps in shorter runs ( less than 50 feet). Data exchange between a computer and a printer or between two computers can be done by RS 232 port. A path is used for data exchange between the devices. For this path, the vol tage is defined by RS 232. For the purposes of cancelling out electromagnetic interference (EMI) from external sources, two conductors are wound together in a form of wiring. This form of wiring is known as twisted pair cabling. The loop area between the wires is reduced so the interference is decreased in twisted wires. Equal and opposite signals are carried by two wires. Because of phase shift, the signals are neutralized. Electromagnetic interference from external sources is prevented by twisted pair cables. They prevent the cross talk from external wires also. They are used in data networks, telephone networks and cable shielding. Twisted pair cables protect cable from external electromagnetic interferences. These cables are used with token ring networks. These cables are long lasting in nature and highly flexible. These cables are used in many telephone systems and Ethernet networks. PROFINET / PROFIBUS network- There are various automation components in PROFINET component based automation (CBA). All electrical, mechanical and IT variables are covered by one component. Standard programing tools can generate the component. Using a PROFINET component description (PCD) file, a component is described in XML. These descriptions are loaded by a primary tool and logical interconnections are enabled between the individual components by the planning tool. In automation technology, PROFIBUS is a standard for field bus communication. The full form of PROFIBUS is Process Field Bus. German department of education and research promoted it in 1989. There are two types of PROFIBUS- PROFIBUS DP and PROFIBUS PA. In production automation applications, sensors and actuators are operated by PROFIBUS DP (Decentralized Peripherals). These are operated via a centralized controller. In process automation applications, measuring equipment are monitored by PROFIBUS PA (Process Automation). A process control system is used to monitor it. The cable (physical layer) conforms to IEC 61158-2. Over the bus, power is delivered by it. Data transmission rate in PA is of 31.25 Kbits/s. Same protocol is used in PA and DP. By using a coupler device, a link can be established between PA and DP. In hybrid applications, DP and PA can work together. In hybrid applications, process and factory automation networks are operated side by side. The communication path must be established, to set up a communication between an IO device and the higher level controller. IO controller sets up these paths. These are set up during system start up. It is based on the configuration data in the engineering system. Advantages- PROFINET has been in development for about 10 years. PROFINET ensures a future for both PROFINET and PROFIBUS. It builds on the success of PROFIBUS. PROFIBUS is growing exponentially. Currently over 30 million devices installed. PROFINET is currently growing at about 40% per year. Limitations- Due to poor layout and installation, 90% problems are caused. Wiring problems cannot be eliminated by it. Routing, interference pick up and grounding problems are occurred by it. Range of protocols used is very extensive. ETHERCAT- It is known as Ethernet for control automation technology. The protocol is suitable for soft and hard real time requirements. The addressed data is read by the Ethercat slave devices. When the telegram passes through the device, the addressed data is read. When the telegram passes, the input data is inserted. Without processing, the frame is not completely received. Optimization of Ethercat protocol is done to process data. Ethercat protocol is transported directly within the standard IEEE 802.3 Ethernet frame. Several sub telegrams are consisted in it. In the network, the data sequence is independent of the physical orders of the nodes. Addressing can be done in any order. Advantages- Speed Flexible topology Synchronization Device profiles Safety protocols Development Diagnosis and Error localization High availability Communication profiles Integration of other bus systems Limitations of PLC- There is difficulty with replacements or changes. There is too much work required in connecting wires. When a problem occurs, hold up time is indefinite, usually long. Its always difficult to find errors and requires skillful work force. Future development in PLCs- To solve the problems, two methods have been discussed. 1st is the quasi broadband PLC by which the advantages of broadband and narrowband PLCs are combined. 2nd is dual mode communication technology by which PLC and wireless are integrated together. These two technologies will be an effective solution for various smart grid applications. References- American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS): Guidelines for Technical Management of Chemical Process Safety, 1989 Bishop, P.G. (editor), Dependability of Critical Computer Systems 3 - Techniques Directory - Guidelines produced by The European Workshop on Industrial Computer Systems, Technical Committee 7 (EWICS TC 7), 1990 Wichman, B.A.; Davies, M.: Experience with a compiler testing tool, NPL Report DITC 138/89, 1989 Wichmann, B.A.: Insecurities in the ADA programming language, NPL Report DITC 137/89, January 1989. Cullyer, W.J.; Goodenough, S.J.; Wichmann, B.A.: The choice of computer languages for use in safety-critical systems, Software Engineering Journal, March 1991 International Electro technical Commission (IEC) Standard 1131-1: Programmable Controllers--Part 1; General Information International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) draft Standard 1508 - Functional Safety: Safety Related Systems, Parts 1 - 7, 1997 J.M. Rata: Standardisation efforts world-wide, in: Phil Bennett (ed.): Safety aspects of computer control, 1993 Ministry of Defence, The Procurement of Safety Critical Software in Defence Equipment, Interim Defence Standard 00-55, April 1991 R. E. Bloomfield: Standards for safety related computer systems: a tour through current and emerging standards, CSR 9th Annual Conference on Software Safety, Luxembourg 7-10 April 1992

Vegan is the way to go Essay Example For Students

Vegan is the way to go Essay The greatest of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated.(Mahatma Gandhi Quotes) Gandhi said this in his book, The Moral Basis of Vegetarianism, this belief is still valid in todays modern society. At the present time in the United States, the concern for the health and well being of animals is drastically increasing. And one of the most substantial indications of this is the increasing number of vegans and vegetarians in our nation. Today there are over half a million vegans and countless millions of vegetarians in the United States alone. There are several different kinds of vegetarians following this practice. A vegan consumes no foods of any kind produced by animals. An ovo-vegetarian eats eggs, but no dairy foods or animal flesh. A lacto-vegetarian eats dairy foods, but no eggs or animal flesh. A lacto-ovo-vegetarian eats dairy foods and eggs, but no animal flesh. These people are most commonly referred to as just vegetarians. A semi-vegetarian eats dairy food and egg and occasionally includes fish or chicken but no other animal flesh. Aside from dietary habits, a vegan also has several more rules to follow. A vegan cannot use any product made from the body parts of an animal such as leather, ivory, fur, and even pearls. They also cannot use products which have been tested on animals. Vegans are sometimes referred to as an animals greatest ally. Veganism originally started in India in the first century A. D.. Hindus did not become vegan because of deep religious reasons or for personal health reasons, but because of environmental pressures. It became both uneconomical and unsanitary to raise animals in so crowded an environment. Through the centuries veganism never really caught on due to lack of modern medicine and improper understanding of the functions of the human body. Around the beginning of the twentieth century, it is thought that the discovery of vitamins and minerals gave birth to the idea of eating for optimum health and fitness, and thus, the rediscovery of veganism. Up through the 1900s, more and more people started to say stop to the unfair torture of animals. Since the dawn of man, humans have used animals to their advantage. Animal flesh has been a good source of vitamins and protein. The skin was used for warmth and shelter. Before several of the modern advances made by mankind, animals were needed to sustain human survival and prosperity. In todays society, many of the products on our store shelves are tested on animals for safety reasons. Even with all the great uses there are for dead animals, modern nutrition and science has made so many new advancements in research that it has become completely unnecessary to kill any animal for any reason. Humans can survive solely on vegetation and supplementation. Animal testing is unnecessary due to new DNA and computer graphic research. In this paper three major issues dealing with veganism will be discussed. Whether or not the vegan life style is healthier then the average way of life? Is animal testing necessary or should it be banned? And should animals be used in the entertainment industry? There is no reason to injure or kill animals for any reason. Americans as a society should be vegan. One major issue is whether or not the vegan lifestyle is healthier than the average way of life. The average way of life consists of the four major food groups: meat, dairy, grains, and fruits/vegetables. In the vegan lifestyle, meat and dairy foods are cut out of the diet. From a nutritional standpoint, animal food does have its advantages. For one thing it is nutrient-dense; it is a concentrated source of calories, protein, iron, zinc, copper, and in the case of dairy products, calcium. Veganism is actually much healthier than consuming meat and dairy products. .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 , .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 .postImageUrl , .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 , .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144:hover , .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144:visited , .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144:active { border:0!important; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144:active , .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144 .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3222232ce559b1d865aa2949e6a10144:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: War and the service of art Essay Most people who become vegans use improper supplementation and will eventually make themselves sick. It is not denying the body meat that vegetarians and vegans have problems with, but instead a lack of calories. The human body needs a certain balance of vitamins and minerals to sustain proper health. Usually, when a person decides to become a .

John Gilberto Rodriguez Essays - , Term Papers

John Gilberto Rodriguez JOHN GILBERT? RODR?GUEZ Poderoso y pol?mico son algunos de las palabras usaron para describir el trabajo art?stico de John Gilbert? Rodr?guez. La fotograf?a no ha sido un medio fuerte y popular a expresar o comunicar la experiencia de Latino y la cultura en nuestra sociedad. Ni lo tiene fue expresado de un punto de Veterano de Chicano Vietnam del panorama. Todav?a, para un grupo grande de nuestros ciudadanos, este trabajo y estas im?genes representan una interpretaci?n de la cultura, los sentimientos y las emociones de la comunidad de Chicano. Para tan grande como la comunidad est? en este pa?s y particularmente en California; muy pocos fot?grafo registra estos complejo y a gente apasionada. Nacido en San Jos?, residiendo actualmente en el Este San Jos?, John uni? al Ej?rcito en 1968 y luch? en Vietnam donde ?l se wounded en la acci?n. El gast? a?os que rehabilitan en un hospital de veteranos y luego matriculados y graduados del Instituto aclamado de Arroyos de la Fotograf?a. La c?mara ha llegado a ser mi voz. Habla para mis pensamientos, los sentimientos, las experiencias y las ideas. Hoy, yo no b?squeda m?s larga para la imagen, est? en m?, y es qui?n yo soy. El trabajo cubre los per?odos diferentes del desarrollo en la vida de artista y conocimiento, e incluye retratos m?viles de individuos y expresiones personales de la vida pol?tica y cultural de la comunidad de Chicano. El trabajo de Rodr?guez de John Gilbert? se ha representado en El Andar Revista Biling?e, Arte Latino, la Galer?a de Fot?grafo, la Galer?a de Ojo, Movimiento de Arte y Cultura Latino Americana, El Ella la Galer?a Gris, El Centro del Recurso de la Biblioteca de Chicano, la Liga Pac?fica del Arte y la Galer?a de la Asociaci?n de Fot?grafo de Publicidad de Pen?nsula. Soy atra?do a su trabajo a causa de un inter?s personal en la fotograf?a. Cu?ndo yo vi el retrato del ojo, yo fui interesado para averiguar inmediatamente que era. Qu? marcas RODRIGUEZ rom diferente otros artistas que he estudiado son sus influencias. El es influido por la guerra en que ?l sirvi? y los m?rtires que salvaron su naci?n. Este fondo es lo que hace una pintura o fotograf?a verdadero. Por generaciones, el espa?ol ni?os que hablan no fueron permitidos hablar su primer idioma en el motivo de escuela, y el cielo prohibe si ellos lo hablaron en las aulas. Ahora, en clases biling?es hoy, yo encuentro que nuestros ni?os son hechos para recitar el Juro Fidelidad. .. de palabras que son sin sentido, en un idioma que ellos entienden. Nosotros, as? como tambi?n nuestros ni?os deben tener el la Libertad de la Elecci?n en lugar nosotros permite la inseminaci?n de nuestras mentes de ni?os con, Prometo la Lealtad. ..

buy custom American Literature essay

buy custom American Literature essay Washington Irving is a well acclaimed American writer. The man was born in 1783 on 3rd April. He was a young boy who was born sickly but already by this age his adventurous nature had stated to show. He was named after George Washington the first president of the United States of America. He was the son of Dutch immigrants who were good people who often took care of the people afflicted by the war. Irving as a child was a very mischievous boy who would sneak out at night to go and see the city. Due to his ill health he went to England for treatment. When the man returned he was better and he was a lawyer at the time of return. He went back to Europe again during the war where he stayed until the war was over. He wrote a book when he was away and the book was accepted by the American citizenry very well (Irving 11). In his book rip van winkle there is a man the main character named Rip van winkle he is a married man with many habits but he is quite lazy and idle. Dame van winkle his wife has many times subjected him to arguments over his lazy nature (Irving 13). He has a son whose name is rip and then there is wolf rip van winkles faithful dog. On one of the fine days rip van winkle decides to take a walk up the mountain with his dog wolf. As he is going up the mountain a man calls his name and he turns back to look. When he looks he sees a man carrying a keg up the mountain and he decides to help the man. As they walk up the mountain with the keg they dont exchange words, they walk all the way to the top of the mountain where they find a group of Dutch men playing a game of nine pins. All the men know rip but rip does not recognize any of them. Rip does not talk to any of the men but he proceeds to secretly drink their keg (Irving 15). He falls asleep and when he wakes up he finds that the men are not there, his beard has grown and his dog wolf is no longer by his side. He runs down the mountain to go to his wife but all he finds on the other end is somber news that his wife is dead. He encounters another man also named rip van winkle he doesnt understand what is going on at all. He falls into more trouble when he declares his loyalty to king George he finds out that it is years after the war and president Washington is now the supreme in America. Rip moves in with his daughter and continues with his idle lifestyle. Most men envy him ad wish they could have sleepy soundly through the war like rip got to do. Irvin has also written other storieslike the legend of sleepy hollow. In this story the main character is Ichabod Crane a lean lackey and extremely superstitious man from Connecticut. He competes with Brom Bones the town rowdy for the hand of the town sweetheart Katrina van tassel. As the main Ichabod comes from a party at the van tassel home one evening he is pursued by a headless horseman. The headless horseman is in this story a ghost who was a soldier in the American war and lost his head to a cannon ball in a nameless battle. The horseman now rides in pursuit of his head. Ichabod disappears mysteriously from town. The story does not go as far as to tell us who the headless horseman is but it implies that it was Brom Bones (Irving 18). He has also written the Spector bridegroom. It is yet another ghost story though it is told with a kind of happy ending. Where the niece is happy having found enough blood and flesh. In this story there is a baron who is the richest and said to be the wisest man in the lands the baron has but one daughter. A beautiful daughter who is said to be the most beautiful in the land, his daughter is guided into woman hood by two women and two of his aunties are responsible for her behavior. The baron was satisfied with all nature had given him and when the time came he and a far away friend had arranged that his young daughter was to be married to a certain groom. A young man count von Altenburg had been awarded this position and was recalled from the army for this very reason (Irving 18). He was on his way to come and take the bride but he was detained. The count on his way died due to an unfortunate incident and with his last breath he asked his friend go give word of his demise that he wo uld have made it to the castle to take his bride had it not been for the unfortunate event of his death. The story at its ending is perfectly happy but the bridegroom died and she couldnt have her so desired wedding. It is a good example of the writers approach to writing because it depicts what the writer was best known for writing (Irving 18). He was a writer who wrote short stories the best and he was good at showing off the culture he had learnt from the English and other people in his stories which is exactly what the stories here are showing. These stories all depict the authors autobiography in many ways. First the authors tendency to write stories about faraway lands can be attributed to his part of life that was lived in the lands far away from his own motherlands. In rip van winkle he might not have expressly written about the Dutchh lands but the culture the story depicts is that of the Dutch with the games and even the names of the characters. This follows in all the other stories. The fact that he is writing about the Dutch can be attributed to his parents being Dutch. It was the culture he had been raised in and the culture he understood best. It is worth noticing that by this time American culture was still developing and there had not been established a common precedent on what the culture was to be like (Irving 19). He also wrote most of the time or at least in the stories cited about a man leaving or coming back from a distant place. In van winkle if was a deep sleep that created the distance, in sleepy hollow it was mysterious disappearance and in Spector bridegroom the man was to come from a far away land. The men in his stories just like him never stay in the same place not until the very end just like him when he settled in Sunnyside New York. Also just like him when the men come back from where they were they are accepted with open arms like heroes. The works of the man have a theme to them in that in all his stories used in this essay there is the occurrence of ghosts (Irving 19). There also is a theme of love and something that is lost that can never be found or given back. In rip van winkle the poor man looses time in his life and his wife dies. In sleepy hollow a man has lost his head and is in the relentless pursuit to find it and the main character is forever lost of his chance to love the woman he desires when he is run out of town by the headless horseman. In Spector bride losses her groom to death and the groom losses his life in all the stories the theme of loss is apparent. The stories are stories of men who lived their lives with freedom and who were men of their word (Irving 26). The men depicted in the stories are men who have both fortune and misfortune it is a show of life as it is and not of life as it should be. This stories better show the state of life at the times they were written. Living by the day and chasing after what looked right to a person. The stories are of those times that the commoner had first experienced true freedom. It is only in one story where we see a compromise to the loss that is suffered and that is in Specters bridegroom. Also in all the stories there is a theme of war where it is all written in or shortly after war time. Or in the case of rip van winkle before and after war time it is probably because during the time this book was written there was war (Irving 44). Buy custom American Literature essay

Marketing Plan for a New Restaurant Research Proposal

Marketing Plan for a New Restaurant - Research Proposal Example The main aim of hotel and restaurant industries is to maximize their profits. However, the competition has made it difficult to maintain their position in the market. Due to more and more new investments in this sector, the existing hotels are in danger to lack behind in innovations and creative utilization of resources. The new techniques to manage the operations and the use of new machinery which reduces the labor cost are difficult to be adopted due to the existing managed workforce and working environment. The hotel industry has now reached to a highly competitive stage and all restaurants are adopting the branded restaurant concept in order to meet the requirements of continuous innovations and creative approach (Casper, 1995). It has also been observed during the research that restaurants and famous hotels are working in collaboration to maximize their returns for example, the partnership of Marriott and Pizza Hut, Holiday Inn and TGI Friday's etc (Boone, 1997). This paper woul d further discuss the aspects which are required to be considered before starting a new restaurant and a marketing plan to be followed for a successful launch of a new restaurant. Restaurants have become an integral part of most of the people around the world. The working population prefer having their breakfasts and lunches in the restaurants. Owing to this importance given by the people to the hotels, more and more people are involving in this sector. It can be evaluated from the current findings that hotels are highly profitable and money-making. It can be true but not necessarily. The successful running of a hotel is not as easy as it seems to be. There are many factors which require to be achieved flawlessly. Increasing competition means increasing risk to the business from the competitors. Any new product, package or creative advertisement may grab the attention of a large number of customers. Hence more and more finance is required to be spent on innovative techniques. The uniqueness and brand name attract most of the customers (Tepeci, 1999). However, it is not an easy task to create a brand name. In food service businesses the development of brand na me has been increasing. A number of food chains have increased their business in the international market. The globalization of food chains has resulted in strong development of brand identity for the travelers and local visitors (Wexler, 1994). These food chains have become successful in winning the satisfaction of their customers all around the world. These international food chains conduct surveys and researches to find out the likings and demands of the people living in a particular region. They ensure that the quality of food and tastes is according to their demand (Davis, Lockwood & Stone, 1998). They also consider the cultural and religious aspects of people and give special attention to things which are against their religion or culture (for example, the use of alcohol in Muslim countries). Hence we can say that the evaluation of the demand of people and their opinions are of paramount importance in successful running of a hotel. The first goal of our restaurant is to create a distinguishing identity and become popular because of its unique presentation and high quality food. The second goal is to provide customers with an environment where they can enjoy the food without any kind of disturbance. The last goal is to maximize profits without harming the quality